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In his memoirs, Rockingham related his own experience during a visit to General Ridgway’s headquarters in Japan:
The night before we left for Japan, a three-man enemy patrol had come in against us and I had reported that we killed one, captured one and that one got away. Later US Army HQ said that the report did not match their statistical methods, which required them to multiply the killed by three, [and] add three times that to the captured or wounded. So the figures should be three killed, ten wounded or captured and any number got away. I said that I was sorry, but only three had come in and what I reported had indeed happened to them. The next day in Tokyo, I visited the C-in-C’s HQ and found that the board had the US figure for the patrol against us. I again explained that only three had come in and what had happened to them. A rather tolerant shrug greeted my announcement as much as to say these crazy Canadians don’t know the rules.
上面这段英文引自Rockingham的回忆录,转引自《加拿大部队在朝鲜》。Rockingham就是罗基汉姆,加拿大第25旅首任准将旅长。加拿大第25旅就是朝鲜战争中的加拿大参战部队。
他在回忆录里说了什么呢?他讲述了他访问美军远东总司令李奇微上将日本总部期间的经历:
在我们去日本的前一天晚上,一支三人的敌方巡逻队过来攻击我们,我报告说,我们杀了一人,俘虏了一人,另一个人逃走了。后来,美国陆军部表示,该报告与他们的统计方法不匹配,统计方法要求将死亡人数乘以3,并将被俘或受伤人数乘以3。因此,数字应该是三人死亡,十人受伤或被俘。我说我很抱歉,但确实只有三个人进来,我所报告的情况是真实的。第二天在东京,我参观了李奇微总司令的总部,发现统计图表上有美国人对我们这次巡逻战斗的数据。我再次解释说,只有三个人进来,以及发生了什么事。对于我的解释,美国人相当宽容地耸了耸肩,就像在说这些疯狂的加拿大人不知道规则一样。
这就是真相。美军说志愿军伤亡100万,就是这么统计出来的。
志愿军的战斗减员是522923人,对应的是美军战斗减员194861人。表中的“附编”指的是“卡图萨”,即韩军附编。
志愿军的总减员978122人,对应的是美军总减员657870人。顺便说一句,志愿军参战总兵力为240万人,美军参战总兵力为190万人。
朝鲜战争,志愿军和美军对自己的伤亡统计,是官方数据,都是精准的。有些“爱国网友”非要说美军撒谎,实在太偏激了。自然,指责志愿军统计数据撒谎的,一样的没头脑,这两种人似乎在对立面,其实是一种人。现在韩国官方的数据是战斗减员62万人,也已经很精准了。这在战史研究中叫“自情自报”,一般都是最终采纳的数据。
志愿军是这样,美军也是这样。
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